What is a materialized view and what types problems can it help solve?

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Answer each question in 200 words
Question 1
Index Creation: How would you decide whether an index should be created for a table? Discuss the indexes introduced this week and provide examples of each index. When would you want to use BTree vs. Bitmap indexes?
Question 2
View Security: Select a business scenario and describe how a view can be used to provide a degree of security.
Question 3
Materialized Views: What is a materialized view and what types problems can it help solve? Provide an example of a materialized view and discuss its relevance to the information system.
Question 4
Please discuss the concept of transaction management as well as transactional properties from your own understanding. In addition, discuss how these concepts relate to concurrency control within a database management system.