crj 240 module 2 check your understanding

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1.

The major court decision protecting juveniles from unauthorized searches and seizures was:

a. [removed] Miranda.

b. [removed] Mapp v. Ohio.

c. [removed] In re Gault.

d. [removed] Brown v. Mississippi.

2.

Discretion is when:

a. [removed]  youths return to crime again and again after being found guilty of their first offense.

b. [removed]  police exercise their ability to choose from alternatives.

c. [removed]  police choose to focus on prevention of crime rather than reacting quickly to an offense.

3.

Victimization studies find that:

a. [removed]  more crime is committed than is reported.

b. [removed]  victimization rates are consistent among demographic groups across the United States.

c. [removed]  juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group.

d. [removed]  both more crime is committed than is reported and juveniles are more likely to be victimized than any other age group.

4.

Juveniles:

a. [removed]  are more likely to be killed in schools than on the streets or at home.

b. [removed]  are about equally likely to be killed in one school as the next.

c. [removed]  in large numbers are the victims of bullying, physical attack, or robbery in the schools.

d. [removed]  are murdered in schools at rates far lower than implied by the media.

5.

The major focus of the Fourteenth Amendment is on standards of:

a. [removed]  search and seizure.

b. [removed]  fairness and due process.

c. [removed]  cruel and unusual punishment.

d. [removed]  freedom of speech and the press.

6.

Larger police units typically deal with juvenile crime:

a. [removed]  enthusiastically since arresting a juvenile is considered a “good” arrest.

b. [removed]  by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime.

c. [removed]  by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention.

d. [removed]  both by setting up specialized units and departments to deal with juvenile crime and by assigning any patrol officer available to any juvenile case needing attention.

7.

An example of formal processing is a:

a. [removed]  youth given a firm “talking to” on the street.

b. [removed]  youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks.

c. [removed]  youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case.

d. [removed]  both youth taken into custody and allowed to leave when he/she asks and youth taken into custody and placed in detention until the juvenile prosecutor reviews the case.

8.

Which of the following have/has been found through research?

a. [removed]  Intervention by the juvenile justice system makes youths worse

b. [removed]  A small group of offenders commit large numbers of crimes

c. [removed]  Lower class youths tend to be involved in more serious offenses than middle class youths

d. [removed]  All of the choices apply

9.

Victimization surveys focus on:

a. [removed]  interviewing hospital emergency room personnel to determine the number of victimizations.

b. [removed]  a national survey of households.

c. [removed]  police data on victims.

d. [removed]  both a national survey of households and police data on victims.

10.

The Uniform Crime Reports are compiled by the:

a. [removed]  International Association of Chiefs of Police.

b. [removed]  Federal Bureau of Investigation.

c. [removed]  National Opinion Research Center.

d. [removed]  Bureau of Justice Statistics.

11.

A consequence of the development of the Central States Juvenile Officer’s Association and the International Juvenile Officers Association was an increased recognition in law enforcement of more:

a. [removed]  arrests of offenders.

b. [removed]  help for offenders.

c. [removed]  professional legal training.

d. [removed]  both arrests of offenders and help for offenders.

12.

Critics charge that self-report studies:

a. [removed]  overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses.

b. [removed]  ask too many questions about minor offenses thereby increasing the incidence of middle-class offenders in self-reported delinquency.

c. [removed]  overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting.

d. [removed]  both overload their questionnaires with too many serious offenses and overlook data provided by the UCR in offense reporting.

13.

The police are able to search juveniles when juveniles:

a. [removed]  have waived their rights.

b. [removed]  have consented to the search.

c. [removed]  are presented with a warrant.

d. [removed]  all of the choices apply.

14.

Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of “problem oriented policing”

a. [removed]  Grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes

b. [removed]  Saturating high crime areas with police cars to guarantee a rapid response to any crimes that occur

c. [removed]  Determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs

d. [removed]  Both grouping crime statistics by type and determining any underlying similarities among the crimes and determining the causes of delinquent activity and developing prevention programs

15.

Most police view their primary role as:

a. [removed]  fighting crime.

b. [removed]  preventing crime.

c. [removed]  working with juveniles one on one.

d. [removed]  social workers.

16.

Police may pull a car over:

a. [removed]  whenever they want.

b. [removed]  when the youth’s car has a broken taillight.

c. [removed]  when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring.

d. [removed]  both when the youth’s car has a broken taillight and when the police have reasonable suspicion that something illegal is occurring.

17.

The police in the early 20th Century began to focus on which of the following to control youth crimes?

a. [removed]  Curbside justice

b. [removed]  Prevention

c. [removed]  Community organization

d. [removed]  Both prevention and community organization

18.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about juvenile court statistics? They:

a. [removed]  report the overwhelming percentage of the total number of juvenile offenses.

b. [removed]  provide full information on the characteristics of referred juveniles.

c. [removed]  represent only an estimate of the total number of crimes that come before courts.

d. [removed]  are published immediately upon receipt by the government.

19.

The problems of the Uniform Crime Reports include:

a. [removed]  that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police.

b. [removed]  police ignore minor violations of law.

c. [removed]  too many juveniles commit offenses as individuals.

d. [removed]  both that many crimes are not reported and many offenses never come to the attention of the police and police ignore minor violations of law.

20.

The Monitoring the Future Project shows that:

a. [removed]  the dramatic increase in drug use that began in the early 1990s is continuing today.

b. [removed]  drug use begins to drop off after age 18.

c. [removed]  drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17.

d. [removed]  both drug use begins to drop off after age 18 and drug use peaks at the ages of 16–17.

 

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